Latissimus Dorsi Versus Pectoralis Major Transfer for Massive Rotator Cuff Deficiency: An Integrative Review of Functional Outcomes and Complications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66201/ss.v1.12Keywords:
Rotator Cuff Tear, Tendon Transfer, Latissimus Dorsi Muscle, Pectoral Muscles, Range of Motion, Articular, Treatment Outcome, Biomechanical PhenomenaAbstract
Introduction: Massive irreparable rotator cuff tears represent a major therapeutic challenge in orthopedic surgery because of their association with pain, functional limitation, and progressive shoulder dysfunction. Tendon transfer techniques, particularly latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major transfers, have emerged as surgical alternatives for selected patients with severe rotator cuff deficiency. The aim of this study was to compare the functional outcomes, biomechanical implications, and postoperative complications associated with latissimus dorsi transfer versus pectoralis major transfer in the management of massive irreparable rotator cuff tears.
Methodology: An integrative review was conducted through a structured search of the scientific literature in biomedical databases. Studies evaluating clinical outcomes, range of motion, pain relief, shoulder function, and complications related to both tendon transfer techniques were included.
Results: Latissimus dorsi transfer demonstrated favorable outcomes in posterosuperior rotator cuff tears, with improvements in external rotation and shoulder function, whereas pectoralis major transfer showed better indications for irreparable anterosuperior or subscapularis tears. Functional recovery varied according to patient selection, muscle integrity, degree of fatty infiltration, and surgical technique. Reported complications included persistent weakness, tendon failure, nerve injury, and progression of degenerative changes.
Conclusions: Both tendon transfer techniques may provide functional improvement in carefully selected patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff deficiency. Appropriate indication based on tear pattern, biomechanical considerations, and residual muscle function is essential to optimize postoperative outcomes and reduce complications.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Enzo Eugenio Olmedo Gómez, Pedro Fabian Martínez Vera (Autor/a)
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